Periodontal disease (of the gums) is caused by a serious infection that can be extended to the root of the tooth, leading to the reduction of bone and, if untreated, the loss of the tooth. A periodontist qualified assess their condition and depending on their severity, will recommend a non-surgical periodontal or gum surgery.
Periodontal disease of the gums is caused by a bacterial infection that can damage your teeth so irreversible if left untreated. The word “periodontal” literally means “around the tooth.” As periodontal disease is a degenerative disease caused by bacteria that injures the gums and bone structure underneath to support them, requiring treatment in its earliest stages.
Gum disease goes through several phases. As the disease progresses in severity, periodontal treatment options become more complex, costly and require much more time. It is important to show the first signs of symptoms of gum disease find a periodontist experienced professional.
Gingivitis
The early and mild form of periodontal disease is gingivitis. Gum disease is caused by an overgrowth of the bacteria that live naturally in the mouth. These bacteria are responsible for the sticky white substance that develops on teeth called plaque. When plaque stays on a tooth long enough, it hardens into a solid material called calculus or tartar. This material is much more difficult to remove from teeth than plaque. Over time, the presence of calculus causes gum inflammation or gingivitis. It is characterized by inflammation of the gums. Often, gums bleeding during the regular brushing and flossing. Gingivitis is reversible with professional periodontal treatment and a constant oral care at home.
Periodontitis
There are several phases of the advanced form of gum disease called:
Periodontitis: Periodontitis is the aggressive form of gum disease that is found in patients who are otherwise good general oral health. Common symptoms of aggressive periodontitis include a rapid increase in the size of the gingival pockets adjacent to the tooth, leading to the degradation of bone.
Chronic periodontitis: is a form of gum disease that requires immediate periodontal treatment. This form of periodontitis causes inflammation within the tissue supporting the teeth, leading to buildup of plaque and rapid loss of bone. Chronic periodontitis is the most common form of gum disease, and although it is common in adults, can occur at any age. If left untreated, this form of gum disease will require surgery of the gum.
Periodontitis by systemic disease is a form of gum disease that occurs frequently in young people and is linked to a pre-existing condition like diabetes.
Necrotizing periodontal disease is one of the most dangerous forms of gum disease. It is characterized by necrosis (death of tissue holder) of the gingival tissues, the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. This is a very aggressive form of gum disease and generally leaves the surgery of the gum as the only treatment option for the periodontist.